Similarities & Differences in Arteries & Veins

Blood Vessel Composition (Figure 02)

Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

Hooke's Law (Figure 03)

Length-Tension Diagrams (Figure 04)

Change with Age in Length-tension Diagrams (Figure 05)

Young's Modulus (Table 1)

Change in Collagen Tautness in Blood Vessel Wall with Age (Figure 06)

Effects of Aging on the Arterial Wall

Compliance - the Equation

Measurement of Blood Vessel Compliance (Figure 08)

Compliance Calculations for Aorta & Vena Cava

Blood Vessel Compliance (Figure 07)

Decreased Compliance of Blood Vessel Wall due to

Pulse Wave

Pulse Wave Velocity and Aging (Figure 09)

Three Components of the Pulse Wave

Changes in Pulse Wave Shape

Pulse Wave Shape in various Arteries (Figure 10)

Indirect Methods of Blood Pressure Measurement

Auscultatory Method of Determining Blood Pressure (Figure 11)

Problems and Precautions in Measuring Blood Pressure

Arterial Blood Pressure

Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (Figure 12)

Equation for Mean Arterial Blood Pressure

Three Components of the Pulse Wave

Factors Producing Increases in Pulse Pressure

Normal and Abnormal Pulse Wave Shapes (Figure 13)

Characteristics of Veins

Types of Veins

Venous Valves: Competent vs. Incompetent (Figure 15)

The Jugular Venous Pulse (Figure 14)

Components of the Venous Pulse

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