Developmental Pathophysiology, Develop. Physiol., Dr. D. Penney

Table 4.04. Causal factors in congenital heart defects.

• Maternal rubella - patent ductus arteriosus, stenosis, atrial septal defect.

• Thalidomide in early gestation - non-specific.

• Chronic maternal alcohol abuse - ventricular septal defects common.

• Maternal lupus erythematosus - congenital complete heart block.

• Carbon monoxide - effects on many systems.
  • Reasons for fetal sensitivity to CO
    
  • Types of human fetal effects of CO

• Genetic -
  1. single gene changes
  2. gross chromosomal defects

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