Certain groups are at increased risk of harm from CO exposure. This generally includes those at the beginning and ending of life (right), and those with chronic medical conditions. For these groups the mandated maximal levels of CO in work and housing environments may be too high, and may on occasion lead to significant deleterious health effects. This is an area of great concern to public health professionals, toxicologists and the medical community generally. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in setting the upper limit for CO in outside air at 9 ppm, was aware of the special risks that CO presents to various groups. Unfortunately, OSHA, CO alarm standards, and a few other special interest groups have not yet fully come to grips with the recognized increased risk to these special groups, and thus may not be fully protective.
During Fetal Development:
Asthma & Pulmonary Diseases:
Normal Humans Under Stress: